HIV

 HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, especially CD4 cells, which help fight infections. 

If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS ( Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). 

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How HIV Spreads 

HIV spreads through: 

Unprotected sexual contact 

Blood transfusion with infected blood 

sharing needles or syringes 

from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding 

HIV does NOT spread through: 

Touching, hugging, or shaking hands 

sharing food, water, or utensils 

coughing, sneezing, or mosquito bites 

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common symptoms of HIV 

Early stage (2-4 Weeks after infection) : 

fever

Fatigue

Swollen lymph nodes 

later stage (if untreated): 

Weight loss 

frequent infections 

Night sweats 

Long - lasting fever or diarrhea 

👉 many people may have no symptoms for years, so testing is important. 

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🧪 HIV testing 

blood test 

Rapid test 

ELISA / PCR test 

Early testing helps start treatment on time 

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Treatment 

There is no cure for HIV, but it can be controlled. 

ART ( Antiretroviral Therapy) helps: 

Reduce virus levels 

Strengthen the immune system 

Help people live a long, healthy life 

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prevention 

Use condoms 

Do not share needles 

Get tested regularly 

safe blood transfusions